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Omega 3s, B Vitamins: Cancer prevention

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By: Sean Moloughney

Editor, Nutraceuticals World

Nutraceutical: Omega 3s, B vitamins

Indication: Cancer prevention

Source: Arch Intern Med, February 13, 2012; [Epub ahead of print]: doi:10.1001/archinternmed.2011.1450

Research: Researchers investigated the effects of B vitamin and/or omega 3 fatty acid supplements on cancer outcomes among survivors of cardiovascular disease. This was an ancillary study of the Supplementation With Folate, Vitamins B6 and B12 and/or Omega-3 Fatty Acids (SU.FOL.OM3) secondary prevention trial (2003-2009). In all, 2501 individuals aged 45 to 80 years were randomized in a 2×2 factorial design to one of the following 4 daily supplementation groups: (1) 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (0.56 mg), pyridoxine hydrochloride (vitamin B6; 3 mg) and cyanocobalamin (vitamin B12; 0.02 mg); (2) eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (600 mg) in a 2:1 ratio; (3) B vitamins and omega 3 fatty acids; or (4) placebo.

Results: After 5 years of supplementation, incident cancer was validated in 7% of the sample (145 events in men and 29 in women), and death from cancer occurred in 2.3% of the sample. There was no association between cancer outcomes and supplementation with B vitamins and/or omega 3 fatty acids. There was a statistically significant interaction of treatment by sex, with no effect of treatment on cancer risk among men and increased cancer risk among women for omega 3 fatty acid supplementation. Researchers found no beneficial effects of supplementation with relatively low doses of B vitamins and/or omega 3 fatty acids on cancer outcomes in individuals with prior cardiovascular disease.

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